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Performing Under Pressure
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Neurofeedback Works for ADHD - Especially Impulsivity & Inattention |
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Monday, 15 March 2010 |
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Researchers from Brainclinics Diagnostics in Nijmegen, The Netherlands, conducted a meta-analysis of the efficacy of neurofeedback on ADHD.
Both prospective controlled studies and studies employing a pre- and post-design found large effect sizes for neurofeedback on impulsivity and inattention and a medium impact on hyperactivity.
Randomized studies demonstrated a lower effect size for hyperactivity, suggesting that hyperactivity is probably more sensitive to nonspecific treatment factors. |
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End State Imagery Helps Nursing Students Learn How to Give IM Injections |
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Sunday, 28 December 2008 |
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Researchers from the Department of Nursing, Pochon CHA University in Kyonggi-Do, Korea, compared the impact of feeling state guided imagery (FSGI – imagery to generally improve mood) and end state guided imagery (ESGI – imagery to imagine successful performance) on stress levels and quality of performance in nursing students learning to give intramuscular (IM) injections.
The subjects were 40 female sophomores (21 for the ESGI, 19 for the FSGI). The instruments used were the Visual Analogue Scale for Stress and the Nursing Skill Performance Check-list on Intramuscular Injection, developed by the researchers. Guided imagery was provided through audiotapes for 8 minutes. A pretest was given before applying the guided imagery; the first posttest was taken after the intervention; and the second posttest was taken before the intramuscular injection. Evaluation of the performance of the intramuscular injection was done immediately afterward. |
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Visuo-motor learning with combination of different rates of motor imagery and physical practice. |
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Thursday, 01 May 2008 |
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Imagery Rehearsal Found Critical in Motor Rehab for Stroke, Better than Physical Practice Alone
Researchers from the University of Lyon in Bron Cedex, France
tested whether "mental rehearsal" (motor imagery) is equivalent to
physical learning in restoring motor function in hemiplegic patients
(paralyzed on one side), and examined what would be optimal proportions
of real execution vs. rehearsal.
Subjects were asked to grasp an object and insert it into an adapted
slot. One group (G0) practiced the task only by physical execution (240
trials); three groups imagined performing the task in different rates
of trials (25%, G25; 50%, G50; 75%, G75), and physically executed
movements for the remaining trials; a fourth, control group imagined a
visual rotation task in 75% of the trials and then performed the same
motor task as the other groups. |
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Motor imagery and action observation: cognitive tools for rehabilitation. |
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Thursday, 17 April 2008 |
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In Neurological Rehab, Imagining Movement Delivers the Goods
A Dutch literature review concludes that imagining movement creates the same flow of sensory information that leads to the reacquisition of motor skills.
In rehab, active exercising creates the flow of sensory information
responsible for the learning or relearning of lost (or newly needed)
motor skills. This review article addresses whether active physical
exercise is always necessary for creating this sensory flow.
It points to numerous studies indicating that motor imagery can result
in the same plastic changes in the motor system that actual physical
practice provides. Motor imagery is the mental execution of a movement
without any overt, corresponding movement or without any peripheral
(muscle) activation.
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Guided motor imagery helps with athletic performance, neurological conditions. |
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Friday, 28 March 2008 |
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Guided Motor Imagery Helps with Athletic Performance, Neurological Conditions
Investigators at the University of Haifa in Israel
reviewed the literature to determine the positive effects of guided
motor imagery practice on motor performance. There is abundant evidence
that motor performance is improved in athletes, people who are healthy,
and people with neurological conditions, such as stroke, spinal cord
injury and Parkinson’s disease. This article discusses how to integrate
motor imagery into a physical therapy practice and goes into
particulars of visual and kinesthetic motor imagery, factors that
modify motor imagery practice, the design of motor imagery protocols,
and potential applications of motor imagery.
Citation: Dickstein R, Deutsch JE. Motor imagery in physical
therapist practice. Physical Therapy. 2007 Jul; 87 (7): pages 942-53.
Epub 2007 May 1
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Sports-Injured Athletes in Rehab Gung Ho for Imagery |
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Friday, 07 March 2008 |
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Researchers from the School of Kinesiology at the University of Western Ontario investigated how ten sports-injured athletes used guided imagery during the course of their physiotherapy treatment. In-depth interviews established that the athletes clearly believed the imagery served cognitive, motivational and healing purposes in effectively rehabilitating their injury. |
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Coaches' encouragement of athletes' imagery use. |
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Thursday, 27 December 2007 |
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A Canadian survey of coaches and athletes finds that guided imagery is consistently used more for competition than for recreational athletics, and for higher level athletes (international, national & varsity competition) .
Researchers from the School of Kinesiology at the University of Western Ontario
in London, Canada looked at whether coaches encourage their athletes to
use imagery, using a survey given to coaches and another given to
athletes. In the first, 317 athletes completed the Coaches''
Encouragement of Athletes'' Imagery Use Questionnaire. In the second,
215 coaches completed a slightly modified version of this
questionnaire. |
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Improving academic performance and mental health through a stress management intervention. |
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Friday, 28 July 2006 |
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Researchers from the Department of Psychology, University of Bath,
UK, conducted a study with 209 pupils to see if a stress management
training program could improve their academic performance. The students
were randomly assigned to either a cognitive behaviorally based stress
management intervention (SMI) group, or a non-intervention control
group. |
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The effects of a career transition program on reemployment success in laid-off professionals. |
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Monday, 08 May 2006 |
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A study tests the effectiveness of a guided imagery-based career transition program, and finds it is associated with higher rates of return to full time employment and greater perceived control over the job loss..
This randomized study examined the effectiveness of a guided
imagery-based career transition program as compared to a placebo
control condition in promoting reemployment in 52 unemployed business
people recruited from four different outplacement firms in seven
locations in California (60% male, 83% Caucasian, mean age: 46.8). |
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Effects of hypnosis on flow states and golf performance. |
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Friday, 15 August 2003 |
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At the Centre for Sport and Exercise Science, Sheffield Hallam
University, researchers examined the effects of hypnotic intervention
on flow states and golf-chipping performance of 3 participants. The
intervention involved teaching the golfers relaxation, imagery,
hypnotic induction, hypnotic regression, and trigger control procedures
over 5 weeks and 7 trials. Analysis indicated that the 3 participants
increased their mean golf-chipping performance from the trials in
Baseline 1 to intervention, with 2 returning to Baseline 1 performance
after the intervention phase at Baseline 2. The intensity of flow
experienced by the participants during the performance trials was
measured using Jackson and Marsh''s 1996 Flow State Scale. Two
participants experienced higher flow during the intervention phase and
much lower flow during Baselines 1 and 2. Finally, participants
reported that the intervention seemed useful in keeping them confident,
relaxed, and in control. These results support the hypothesis that
relaxation, imagery & hypnosis can improve golf-chipping
performance and increase feelings and cognitions associated with flow.
Citation: Pates J, Maynard I. Effects of hypnosis on flow states
and golf performance. Perceptual & Motor Skills. 2000, Dec;91(3 Pt
2): Pages 1057-75.
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